# ConceptKernel Relations BFO Ontology # Version: v3.5.0 # Date: 2026-03-26 # Purpose: Relationships and inference rules for automatic reasoning @prefix : . @prefix ckp: . @prefix ckpp: . @prefix ckpr: . @prefix bfo: . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix dc: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix swrl: . @prefix swrlb: . a owl:Ontology ; dc:title "ConceptKernel Relations Ontology" ; dc:description "Relationships and inference rules for automatic reasoning about ConceptKernel entities" ; dcterms:created "2025-11-23"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-03-26"^^xsd:date ; owl:versionInfo "v3.5.0" ; rdfs:comment "Defines properties, property chains, and SWRL rules for inference" ; owl:imports , , . ################################################################# # Core Relations (BFO-Aligned) ################################################################# ### Continuant Relations ckpr:connected_by a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "connected by"@en ; rdfs:comment "Two kernels are connected by an Edge. CRITICAL: This is the ONLY way kernels can communicate."@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel ; ckp:architecturalConstraint "Kernels can ONLY communicate if connected by an Edge."^^xsd:string . # Property chain: If KernelA has outgoing edge E, and E has target KernelB, then KernelA is connected to KernelB ckpr:connected_by owl:propertyChainAxiom ( ckp:hasOutgoingEdge ckp:hasTarget ) . ckpr:depends_on a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "depends on"@en ; rdfs:comment "A continuant depends on another continuant for its existence"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000002 ; # bfo:Continuant rdfs:range bfo:0000002 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000084 . # bfo:depends_on # Instance depends on Kernel # If Instance I was created by Kernel K, then I depends on K [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedSource ckpr:depends_on ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:comment ; owl:annotatedTarget "Instances depend on the Kernels that create them"@en ; dc:description "Inference: ?instance ckp:createdByKernel ?kernel → ?instance ckpr:depends_on ?kernel" . ckpr:part_of a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:label "part of"@en ; rdfs:comment "A continuant is part of another continuant"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000002 ; rdfs:range bfo:0000002 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000050 . # bfo:part_of ### Occurrent Relations ckpr:has_participant a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has participant"@en ; rdfs:comment "An occurrent has a continuant as participant"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000003 ; # bfo:Occurrent rdfs:range bfo:0000002 ; # bfo:Continuant rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000057 ; # bfo:has_participant owl:inverseOf ckpr:participates_in . ckpr:participates_in a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "participates in"@en ; rdfs:comment "A continuant participates in an occurrent"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000002 ; rdfs:range bfo:0000003 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000056 ; # bfo:participates_in owl:inverseOf ckpr:has_participant . ckpr:occurs_in a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "occurs in"@en ; rdfs:comment "An occurrent occurs in a temporal region"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000003 ; rdfs:range bfo:0000008 ; # bfo:TemporalRegion rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000066 . # bfo:occurs_in ckpr:precedes a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:label "precedes"@en ; rdfs:comment "One occurrent temporally precedes another"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000003 ; rdfs:range bfo:0000003 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf bfo:0000063 . # bfo:precedes ckpr:has_temporal_part a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has temporal part"@en ; rdfs:comment "An occurrent has a temporal part (phase)"@en ; rdfs:domain ckpp:Process ; rdfs:range ckpp:TemporalPart . ################################################################# # Mediation Relations (Three Mediators Pattern) ################################################################# ckpr:mediates a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "mediates"@en ; rdfs:comment "A mediator kernel controls or manages some entity or process"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range owl:Thing . ckpr:mediates_communication a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ckpr:mediates ; rdfs:label "mediates communication"@en ; rdfs:comment "EdgeKernel mediates ALL inter-kernel communication"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:EdgeKernel ; rdfs:range ckpp:EdgeCommunicationProcess . ckpr:mediates_governance a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ckpr:mediates ; rdfs:label "mediates governance"@en ; rdfs:comment "System.Consensus mediates ALL governance decisions"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:ConsensusKernel ; rdfs:range ckpp:ConsensusProcess . ckpr:mediates_broadcast a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf ckpr:mediates ; rdfs:label "mediates broadcast"@en ; rdfs:comment "System.WssHub mediates ALL real-time broadcasts"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:WssHubKernel ; rdfs:range ckpp:BroadcastProcess . ################################################################# # Provenance Relations ################################################################# ckpr:created_by_process a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "created by process"@en ; rdfs:comment "A continuant was created by this process (provenance)"@en ; rdfs:domain bfo:0000002 ; # bfo:Continuant rdfs:range ckpp:Process ; owl:inverseOf ckpr:creates . ckpr:creates a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "creates"@en ; rdfs:comment "A process creates a continuant"@en ; rdfs:domain ckpp:Process ; rdfs:range bfo:0000002 ; owl:inverseOf ckpr:created_by_process . # Instance provenance chain # If Process P has output Instance I, then P creates I ckpr:creates owl:propertyChainAxiom ( ckpp:hasOutputInstance ) . # If Process P has kernel participant K, and P creates Instance I, then I was created by K # This is a SWRL rule (see rules section below) ################################################################# # Graph Traversal Relations ################################################################# ckpr:can_reach a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:TransitiveProperty ; rdfs:label "can reach"@en ; rdfs:comment "Kernel A can reach Kernel B through a chain of edges (transitive closure)"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel . # Base case: Direct connection # If KernelA has outgoing edge to KernelB, then A can_reach B ckpr:can_reach owl:propertyChainAxiom ( ckp:hasOutgoingEdge ckp:hasTarget ) . # Transitive case is automatic due to owl:TransitiveProperty ckpr:upstream_of a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "upstream of"@en ; rdfs:comment "Kernel A is upstream of Kernel B if A can reach B"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel ; owl:equivalentProperty ckpr:can_reach . ckpr:downstream_of a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "downstream of"@en ; rdfs:comment "Kernel B is downstream of Kernel A if A is upstream of B"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel ; owl:inverseOf ckpr:upstream_of . ckpr:sibling_of a owl:ObjectProperty , owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "sibling of"@en ; rdfs:comment "Two kernels are siblings if they share a common upstream source"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel . # SWRL rule for sibling detection (see rules section) ################################################################# # Type Compatibility Relations ################################################################# ckpr:type_compatible_with a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "type compatible with"@en ; rdfs:comment "Instance type is compatible with Edge type_mapping"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Instance ; rdfs:range ckp:Edge ; dc:description "Validated during edge communication setup" . ckpr:accepts_type a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "accepts type"@en ; rdfs:comment "Kernel accepts instances of this type (via queue_contract)"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range xsd:string . # URN of accepted type ckpr:produces_type a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "produces type"@en ; rdfs:comment "Kernel produces instances of this type (via storage_contract)"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range xsd:string . # URN of produced type ################################################################# # Authorization Relations ################################################################# ckpr:authorizes_edge a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "authorizes edge"@en ; rdfs:comment "Target kernel explicitly authorizes this edge in its queue_contract.edges"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Kernel ; rdfs:range ckp:Edge . # If Edge E has target Kernel K, and K lists E in queue_contract.edges, then K authorizes E # This must be validated at runtime by EdgeKernel ckpr:authorized_by a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "authorized by"@en ; rdfs:comment "Edge is authorized by its target kernel"@en ; rdfs:domain ckp:Edge ; rdfs:range ckp:Kernel ; owl:inverseOf ckpr:authorizes_edge . ################################################################# # Consensus Relations ################################################################# ckpr:requires_consensus a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "requires consensus"@en ; rdfs:comment "Entity creation requires consensus approval"@en ; rdfs:domain owl:Thing ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean . ckpr:approved_by_consensus a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "approved by consensus"@en ; rdfs:comment "Entity was approved by this consensus process"@en ; rdfs:domain owl:Thing ; rdfs:range ckpp:ConsensusProcess . ckpr:announced_via a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "announced via"@en ; rdfs:comment "Entity was publicly announced via this broadcast process"@en ; rdfs:domain owl:Thing ; rdfs:range ckpp:BroadcastProcess . # Consensus-required entities ckp:Edge rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ckpr:requires_consensus ; owl:hasValue true ] . ################################################################# # SWRL Rules for Automatic Inference ################################################################# ### Rule 1: Instance Provenance Chain # If Process P has kernel participant K, and P has output Instance I, # then I was created by K :InstanceProvenanceRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Instance Provenance Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Infer instance creator from process participant"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:hasKernelParticipant ; swrl:argument1 :p ; swrl:argument2 :k ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:hasOutputInstance ; swrl:argument1 :p ; swrl:argument2 :i ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:createdByKernel ; swrl:argument1 :i ; swrl:argument2 :k ] ) . ### Rule 2: Edge Communication Inference # If Instance I was created by Kernel A, # and Edge E connects A to B, # and E is authorized, # then EdgeCommunicationProcess exists routing I through E to B :EdgeCommunicationInferenceRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Edge Communication Inference Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Infer communication process from instance creation and edge"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:createdByKernel ; swrl:argument1 :i ; swrl:argument2 :a ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasSource ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 :a ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasTarget ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 :b ] [ a swrl:DatavaluedPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:isAuthorized ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 true ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:classPredicate ckpp:EdgeCommunicationProcess ; swrl:argument1 :comm_process ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:routesInstance ; swrl:argument1 :comm_process ; swrl:argument2 :i ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:hasEdge ; swrl:argument1 :comm_process ; swrl:argument2 :e ] ) . ### Rule 3: Sibling Kernel Detection # If Kernel X produces output to Kernel A, # and Kernel X produces output to Kernel B, # and A ≠ B, # then A and B are siblings :SiblingKernelRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Sibling Kernel Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Detect kernels that share common upstream source"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasSource ; swrl:argument1 :e1 ; swrl:argument2 :x ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasTarget ; swrl:argument1 :e1 ; swrl:argument2 :a ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasSource ; swrl:argument1 :e2 ; swrl:argument2 :x ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasTarget ; swrl:argument1 :e2 ; swrl:argument2 :b ] [ a swrl:DifferentIndividualsAtom ; swrl:argument1 :a ; swrl:argument2 :b ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpr:sibling_of ; swrl:argument1 :a ; swrl:argument2 :b ] ) . ### Rule 4: Workflow Chain Detection # If Process P1 creates Instance I1, # and Process P2 has input I1, # then P1 precedes P2 (workflow dependency) :WorkflowChainRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Workflow Chain Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Detect temporal ordering of processes through data dependencies"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:hasOutputInstance ; swrl:argument1 :p1 ; swrl:argument2 :i1 ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpp:hasInputInstance ; swrl:argument1 :p2 ; swrl:argument2 :i1 ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpr:precedes ; swrl:argument1 :p1 ; swrl:argument2 :p2 ] ) . ### Rule 5: Authorization Requirement # If Edge E has target Kernel K, # and K does NOT authorize E, # then E is NOT authorized (validation failure) :AuthorizationRequirementRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Authorization Requirement Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Validate that target kernel authorizes incoming edge"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:hasTarget ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 :k ] [ a swrl:BuiltinAtom ; swrl:builtin swrlb:not ; swrl:arguments ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpr:authorizes_edge ; swrl:argument1 :k ; swrl:argument2 :e ] ) ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:DatavaluedPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:isAuthorized ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 false ] ) . ### Rule 6: Instance Dependency # If Instance I was created by Kernel K, # then I depends on K :InstanceDependencyRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Instance Dependency Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "Instances depend on their creating kernels"@en ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckp:createdByKernel ; swrl:argument1 :i ; swrl:argument2 :k ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpr:depends_on ; swrl:argument1 :i ; swrl:argument2 :k ] ) . ### Rule 7: Consensus Requirement for Edges # If Edge E exists, # then there must exist ConsensusProcess C that approved E :ConsensusRequirementRule a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:label "Consensus Requirement Rule"@en ; rdfs:comment "All edges must be approved by consensus"@en ; ckp:implementationStatus "NOT_ENFORCED"^^xsd:string ; ckp:criticalGap "Edge creation doesn't trigger consensus (manual only)"^^xsd:string ; swrl:body ( [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:classPredicate ckp:Edge ; swrl:argument1 :e ] ) ; swrl:head ( [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:classPredicate ckpp:ConsensusProcess ; swrl:argument1 :c ] [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:propertyPredicate ckpr:approved_by_consensus ; swrl:argument1 :e ; swrl:argument2 :c ] ) . ################################################################# # Property Characteristics for Inference ################################################################# ### Transitivity ckpr:can_reach a owl:TransitiveProperty . ckpr:precedes a owl:TransitiveProperty . ckpr:part_of a owl:TransitiveProperty . ckpr:upstream_of a owl:TransitiveProperty . ### Symmetry ckpr:sibling_of a owl:SymmetricProperty . ckpr:connected_by a owl:SymmetricProperty . # Connection is bidirectional ### Functionality (single-valued) ckp:hasUrn a owl:FunctionalProperty . ckp:hasSource a owl:FunctionalProperty . ckp:hasTarget a owl:FunctionalProperty . ckpp:hasProcessUrn a owl:FunctionalProperty . ckpp:hasKernelParticipant a owl:FunctionalProperty . ckpp:hasOutputInstance a owl:FunctionalProperty . ### Inverse Properties ckp:hasOutgoingEdge owl:inverseOf ckp:hasSource . ckp:hasIncomingEdge owl:inverseOf ckp:hasTarget . ckpr:participates_in owl:inverseOf ckpr:has_participant . ckpr:upstream_of owl:inverseOf ckpr:downstream_of . ckpr:authorizes_edge owl:inverseOf ckpr:authorized_by . ################################################################# # Property Chains for Inference ################################################################# ### Chain 1: Connected kernels # hasOutgoingEdge o hasTarget → connected_by ckpr:connected_by owl:propertyChainAxiom ( ckp:hasOutgoingEdge ckp:hasTarget ) . ### Chain 2: Transitive reachability # can_reach o can_reach → can_reach (automatic via owl:TransitiveProperty) ### Chain 3: Instance creator inference # hasOutputInstance → creates ckpr:creates owl:propertyChainAxiom ( ckpp:hasOutputInstance ) . ### Chain 4: Process participant inference # participates_in o has_participant → related_to (generic relationship) # This allows querying: "What kernels are related through process participation?" ################################################################# # OWL Class Definitions Using Relations ################################################################# ### Connected Kernel Pair :ConnectedKernelPair a owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ckpr:connected_by ; owl:someValuesFrom ckp:Kernel ] ; rdfs:label "Connected Kernel Pair"@en ; rdfs:comment "Two kernels that can communicate via an edge"@en . ### Authorized Communication Path :AuthorizedCommunicationPath a owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( ckp:Edge [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ckp:isAuthorized ; owl:hasValue true ] ) ] ; rdfs:label "Authorized Communication Path"@en ; rdfs:comment "An edge that is authorized by its target kernel"@en . ### Workflow Chain :WorkflowChain a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf ckpp:Process ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ckpr:precedes ; owl:minCardinality 1 ] ; rdfs:label "Workflow Chain"@en ; rdfs:comment "A process that is part of a larger workflow (has predecessors or successors)"@en . ################################################################# # Inference Example Queries (SPARQL) ################################################################# # Example 1: Find all kernels reachable from source kernel # SELECT ?target WHERE { ?source ckpr:can_reach ?target } # Example 2: Find provenance chain for instance # SELECT ?kernel ?process WHERE { # ?instance ckp:createdByKernel ?kernel . # ?instance ckpr:created_by_process ?process . # } # Example 3: Find unauthorized edges (validation) # SELECT ?edge WHERE { # ?edge a ckp:Edge . # ?edge ckp:isAuthorized false . # } # Example 4: Find workflow dependencies # SELECT ?p1 ?p2 WHERE { # ?p1 ckpr:precedes ?p2 . # } # Example 5: Find sibling kernels (share upstream source) # SELECT ?k1 ?k2 WHERE { # ?k1 ckpr:sibling_of ?k2 . # } ################################################################# # Coverage Summary ################################################################# :RelationCoverage a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "Relation Coverage"@en ; ckp:coverageScore "0.75"^^xsd:decimal ; rdfs:comment "Relations defined for inference: Graph traversal (✓), Provenance (✓), Authorization (✓), Consensus (partial)"@en ; ckp:criticalGap "SWRL rules not enforced at runtime. Requires reasoner integration."^^xsd:string . ################################################################# # End of ConceptKernel Relations Ontology #################################################################